PLC Free Essays

The primary phases of the item life yes are: Start Up †early on period of a lunch of an item Growth - ? new passage are pulled in into the market Turbulence †where expanding item limit bring about overcapacity, and afterward disturbance in the market bringing about shakeout Maturity - where request and gracefully in balance Decline †where the market is immersion and subsequently substitution or new item improvement is required. Start up When proton previously propelled their item in the market there’s bunches of vulnerability from customer during that time. Since it’s new, there’s no assurance of the accomplishment of the brand. We will compose a custom paper test on PLC or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Start-up stage is the place distribution of trust should be in shoppers mind since Proton was confronting incredible rivalry with well known, effective vehicle brand out there. Contending with these isn't simple. Since proton definitely think about the market condition and their rivals Proton was brilliant, to section their Proton image to economy or moderate vehicle showcase. Deals of proton during this stage was low due inability to satisfy need in the market. Development The effective dispatch and presentation of the Xerox, the main really Malaysian MAP in 2009, assisted with improving the all out creation volume from 157,643 nits to 173,057 units. In spite of the fact that it is new, the Xerox alone has added to 20% of the all out volume in its first year of creation, a confirmation of its appeal. In July 2010, the new Xerox Special version was propelled and kept on catching the MAP portion with its improved styling and item determination. The Saga will likewise be updated by having a two stage encourage, the first encourage focused in November 201 0 with minor appearance alteration and a second including a motor redesign in 201 1. This encourage is arranged regardless of its proceeding with dash of high appointments. Truth be told in the last budgetary year, the Saga was a success a few times for the Malaysian car advertise; because of its noteworthy selling purposes of steady quality, esteem for cash and unwavering quality. The dispatch of the Persona ‘Elegance’ in March 2010 is another case of PROTON’s responsibility to ceaselessly improve its items. The Elegance is furnished with better particulars including somewhat ACE which means expanded usefulness, better motor execution and expanded demonstrative capacities. These joined with an upgraded up-to-date body pack, amalgam edges and inside trim cowhide makes the Elegance a much looked for after vehicle in its group. We anticipate that the Elegance should proceed with its rule as one of the top income creating models in our stable. Endeavors to improve efficiency and quality stay a center concentration inside the Manufacturing Division. Quality levels improved in 2009, and with the expansion underway volume, we are likewise finding a way to raise our efficiency record. In term of pieces of the pie, the company’s piece of the pie later developed to 65% in 1987. Proton kept up a greater part piece of the overall industry in the next years, which topped in 1993 at 74% with more than 94, 100 units sold. Disturbance The money related year 2009/2010 has been a difficult yet energizing year for proton. They began carefully in the wake of the radical market log jam due to the 2008 worldwide monetary emergency. This had seriously influenced the car business locally and comprehensively. Market examiners had initially estimated a 1 1% decrease in complete industry volume development in 2009 when contrasted with 2008 because of the impact of the financial downturn. Also, Automobile deals in Malaysia plunged from 404,000 units in 1 997 to 163,851 out of 1 998 because of the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. Proton’s income and benefits ere seriously influenced, however a larger part piece of the overall industry was as yet kept up into the mid 20005. Development New deals and item dispersions Effectively, PROTON increased an extra 2% piece of the pie, expanding to 28% from 26% in the earlier year. This stamped improvement of 13% expansion in by and large execution was basically determined by the prevalence of four center models to be specific the Saga, Persona, Xerox and Austria Neo. These made up 94% of the absolute enlistment. The Saga kept on being the lead model among the best four PROTON models and had figured out how to turn into the smash hit model in Malaysia for 3 institutive months from January 2010 to March 2010. With better frameworks and improved procedures set up, the general month to month normal of unregistered stock against enlisted proportion stayed solid at underneath multi month, bringing about better income. Decay The mid-asses saw a decrease in Proton’s incomes and deals. In 2006, Proton’s piece of the pie was 32%, down from 40% in 2005. Proton lost its larger part household piece of the pie without precedent for a long time to Periods, the subsequent Malaysian vehicle maker. Elements which added to the fall of Proton incorporated the correction of the National Automotive Policy (NAP), Proton’s more current indigenously structured models (I. E. The Proton Wag, Gene-2 and Saws) which were inadequately structured and produced contrasted with the previous Mediumistic-based Protons and more grounded contenders, explicitly Periods with their top rated Mimi which propelled in 2005. Both Proton’s complete deals volume and piece of the pie neglected to recuperate to its pre-2002 figures and Periods remained the local market pioneer from 2006 onwards. Business Risk Factors Corporate and Operational Risks Corporate dangers are fundamentally chances brought about by outside occasions that have possible effect on the key choice or exercises of the Group. The Board is mindful in guaranteeing that the corporate dangers of the Group are recognized proactively. This was performed by means of item advancement, quality improvement and procedure improvement programs. Operational hazard is characterized as the danger of misfortune coming about because of insufficiency or disappointment of inner procedures, individuals and framework. As the Group advances towards operational greatness, the Group faces a huge number dangers identifying with money related dangers, seller limit and capacity in accomplishing business destinations. Suitable measures were attempted to guarantee that controls are set up to keep away from any sorption Of tasks. Fare Market Risks Proton leads its organizations across districts. This presented the Group to dangers, for example, changes in advertise guideline, encroachment of Intellectual Property Rights (PR) and solid market rivalry which may affect the Group’s extreme destinations. As the Group’s future lies in venturing into the fare markets, it is basic that endeavors are taken to guarantee that a hazard looked by the association is adequately overseen. Different hazard appraisals were acted in the year in audit explicitly for our activities in China, Middle East and Sean. Updates on alleviation plan were accounted for to the GRAM and BRIM separately on a quarterly premise. Business Environment Risk Business condition hazard is inalienable in all organizations. The reinforcing worldwide call for decrease in ozone harming substance outflows is presently generally recognized in both created and creating countries and is an impetus for the â€Å"Green Vehicle† idea to be advanced. Taking into account this test, the Group has pondered the difficulties and openings in the green innovation and approaches to launch this thought into a possible end state. Step by step instructions to refer to PLC, Papers

The International Effects of Technology essays

The International Effects of Technology expositions The International Effects of Technology Atomic innovation has been around since the center of the Twentieth Century; planned under extraordinary worldwide military weights, atomic innovation brings up numerous issues about the estimation of an innovation that has the capacity to render the planet unfit for human occupation. The mystery race to isolate nature into its most miniscule segments the consequence of which made a colossal wellspring of beforehand obscure vitality, has portrayed our short history with this hazardous information. Made considering transient objectives, atomic innovation has fashioned human and natural obliteration just as the political situations we wind up in today. The creation and utilization of atomic innovation are matters of national or territorial, yet universal concern; our worldwide populace lives in a worldwide environment, the decimation of which influences all of us. The race to create atomic innovation was a mystery exertion led by the United States so as to conclusively end World War II by methods for weapons of mass obliteration. This exertion was described by the nearsighted perspectives on society entangled in a war of worldwide measurements. Hence, the objective to win the war outweighed the results of inquiring about, creating, testing lastly discharging these weapons upon populace and military focuses of the adversary. These weapons were created without premonition, ignoring the outcomes of having the necessary information and crude materials also the genuine aftermath coming about because of their utilization. The end defended the methods; the transient arrangement was in fact fruitful, the weapons sent true to form, the adversary was crushed and the world has never fully been the equivalent. There was truth be told, next to no premonition that went into arranging how to securely get crude materials, test explosions, screen results, discard radioactive waste and deal with the cle... <!

foolear The Very Foolish King in William Shakespeares King Lear :: King Lear essays

The Very Foolish King Lear &nbsp; Shakespeare's catastrophe King Lear is a point by point portrayal of the outcomes of one man's decisions.&nbsp; This invented man is Lear, King of England, whose choices significantly modify his life and the lives of those around him.&nbsp; As Lear bears the status of King, he is a man of incredible force, however aimlessly he gives up the entirety of this capacity to his little girls as a compensation for their exhibition of adoration towards him.&nbsp; This less than ideal acquiescence of his honored position sets off a chain response of occasions that sends him through a shocking journey.&nbsp; King Lear is a figurative portrayal of one man's excursion through some serious hardship so as to conciliate his botch. &nbsp; As the play opens, one can very quickly observe that Lear starts to make botches that will in the long run bring about his downfall.&nbsp; The absolute first words that he talks in the play are: &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Give me the guide there. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Know that we have isolated &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In three our realm; and 'tis our quick goal &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To shake all considerations and business from our age, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Conferring them on more youthful qualities while we &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Unburdened slither toward death.(Act I, Sc I, Ln 37-41) &nbsp; This gives the peruser the main sign of Lear's purpose to surrender his throne.&nbsp; He is developing old and needs to shake all considerations and business from his age.&nbsp; In a since he needs to resign from a vocation that you can't resign from.&nbsp; He has no child to hand his honored position down to, so he should give it to his little girls. He offers his little girls bits of his realm a type of prize to his trial of affection. &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Great opponents in our most youthful little girl's adoration, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Long in our court have made their desirous stay, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; And here are to be replied. Let me know, my girls &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Since now we will strip us both of rule, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Interest of an area, cares of state), &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Which of you will we say doth love us most? &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; That we our biggest abundance may broaden &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Where nature doth with merit challenge. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Act I, Sc I, Ln 46-53) &nbsp; This is the first and generally critical of the numerous errors that he submits in this play.&nbsp; By giving up his position of authority to fuel his personality, he upsets the extraordinary chain of being, which expresses that the King must not challenge the position that the divine beings have given him.&nbsp; This sabotaging the divine beings' authority brings about disorder that destroys Lear's reality, leaving him, in the end, with nothing.&nbsp; Following this, Lear starts to oust those around him that truly care for him; he can't appear to acknowledge who adores him

Juvenile Delinquency and Gangs - Free Essay Example

Introduction Juvenile delinquency is an enlightening topic and one that requires much attention. As defined by Thompson Bynum (2017), juvenile delinquency is any illegal act that, if committed by an adult, would be a crime (p. 9). Rather than crime, the act is called a delinquent act when committed by a minor child, usually between the ages of 10 and 17. Over the years, research has shown that many factors influence the engagement of juveniles in delinquent behaviors. One factor that is highly associated with juveniles engaging in multiple delinquent behaviors is gang membership. In this paper, I will thoroughly discuss street gangs as they are related to juvenile delinquency. Street Gang Defined Growing up in an adverse environment or neighborhood with high levels of crime increases the likelihood that a young person will become involved in gang-related criminal activity during adolescence (McCord, Widom, Crowell, 2001, p. 89). According to Thompson Bynum (2017), a street gang is a group of recurrently associating individuals with identifiable leadership and internal organization. They identify with or claim control over territory, or turf, in a community and engage, either individually or collectively, in violence or other forms of illegal behavior (p. 296-297). Street gangs can be dominating in size, having hundreds or more members generally aged 12-24. These members are typically linked to a name and other symbols and have some degree of hierarchy. For instance, as reported by Oliver (1995), sometimes smaller groups called sets or cliques unite under the umbrella of a larger gang, such as the Crips or the Bloods in Southern California (p. 25). Street gangs have been aro und for years, as long as crime itself, evolving from the earliest of times in the United States to present day. Presence of Gangs Over Time Though gang related actions and issues didnt emerge until the early part of the nineteenth century, the history of street gangs in the United States began in the late eighteenth century as the American Revolution ended. The emergence of street gangs was fueled by immigration and poverty, first by a group of Europeans. Immigrants from Europe began to flock to America seeking a better life (Oliver, 1995, p. 11). They settled in urban areas of the Northeast region. However, because they had few marketable skills, difficulties in finding work and a place to live became the reality for many. These newcomers were poor and forced to live in crowded tenement buildings, many without hot water or adequate bathrooms. The opportunity for a good life that they were seeking appeared far from their grasp (Oliver, 1995, p. 11). As a result of such hard times, crime began to increase in the region. Overlapping the first group of immigrants, between 1820 and 1930, some 4.5 million Irish migrated to the United State (U.S. Immigration Before 1965, 2009, para 6). Similarly, this group also largely consisted of low-skilled, low-wage laborers. In fact, their arrival further overwhelmed the housing and welfare capacity and worsened the already poor living conditions. High rates of unemployment, combined with unequal access to public goods, opportunities, and resources, generated social and economic turmoil. Consequently, this gave rise to the earliest gangs consisting almost entirely of Irishmen (Thompson Bynum, 2017, p. 297). With the flooding of a third major group of immigrants, street gangs further emerged in the Northeast, Midwest, and Western regions of the United States from about 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationist laws, more than six million African-Americans migrated northward and westward from the Deep South (Great Migration, 2010, para 1). In addition, El Paso, Albuquerque, and Los Angeles were populated by an influx of Mexican immigrants along the trail from Mexico to Los Angeles (Howell Moore, 2010, p.1). This enormous migration flood fueled the spark of more serious street gangs that reflected the social polarization of different ethnic groups. For instance, there was a mixture of African-American, Hispanic/Latino (Puerto Rican, Mexican, Dominican Republican, Cuban), Asian (Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Korean, Samoan, Thais, Vietnamese, and others), and Latin American (Colombian, Ecuadorian, Panamanian, and others) gangs that populated the gang landscape (Howell Moore, 2010, p. 2). This new gang culture brought on the onset of juvenile delinquency, pitting youth against each other in battles to dominate changing neighborhoods and establish and maintain their turf and honor. Over the years, the number of gangs and their members has continued to grow tremendously. According to Frieden (2011), criminal gang membership increased as much as 40 percent in the United States during the past three years (para 1). Today, gangs can be found in every U.S. state and the District of Columbia (para 13). These gangs pose a great threat to communities considering that they account for 48% of violence in the United States and target vulnerable, young juveniles for recruitment (para 8). To date, there are approximately 24,500 known youth gangs with about 772,500 youth members. Thats about 7% of the teen population in the United States (Lohmann, 2010, para 2). Once these teens are recruited in a gang, they are exposed to a life of delinquency. Nevertheless, it is possible to protect young people from gangs and prevent juvenile delinquency by first understanding what leads teens to joining gangs. Gang-Joining The stage of adolescence is a critical stage as it is the transitional period from childhood to adulthood. During this period, many young people experience developmental changes and face tough choices regarding school, sexuality, drugs and alcohol, and social life. In fact, peer groups tend to naturally increase in importance as teens search to find their independence and identity. This vulnerability is what makes young people the perfect targets for gangs. Gangs like to target young vulnerable teens who are trying to fit in and be accepted. In fact, the most popular time for gang recruitment is during middle school. Some reports show that children as young as 10 are even joining gangs (Lohmann, 2010, para 3). Noteworthy, adolescents join gangs for many different reasons. According to Parks (2011), one of the most common reasons young people give for joining gangs is the desire to belong to a family-like group in the absence of that sort of closeness at home (p. 37). In fact, adolescents that come from broken families and households are more likely to join gangs at a young age. They are lured into the gang life because it provides structure that they have not found at home (Oliver, 1995, p. 53). Forced to look for love and attention elsewhere, these adolescents often look up to older gang members and find a sense of purpose and safety by being a member of the group. Gangs tap into these insecurities by promising the teen a family that will forever take care of them (Lohmann, 2010, para 5). Unfortunately, family traditions also lead some youth to join a gang, especially in neighborhoods where there are generational gang-groups that might include uncles, grandfathers, fathers, and cousins. In these families, joining a gang is looked upon with pride (Oliver, 1995, p. 59). In rare instances, a new member may be blessed in not having to prove his or her worth because a brother or sister is already a member of the gang (Edgar, 2004, p. 97). Naturally, therefore, this violent lifestyle is hard to escape for youth that are born into the game. In fact, kids who grow up with gang parents are likely to become bullies at a young age (Belenkaya, 2008, para 24). Moreover, some youth join gangs to make money by engaging in illegal activities, such as dealing drugs, stealing, selling stolen goods, and even trading weapons. Others join simply for the thrill or rush of breaking the law and defying authority. Aside from personal reasons for joining a gang, modern-day media presentation makes the gang culture seem cool and very appealing to youth as well. In fact, the hip lifestyle and its sensational portrayal in movies, music, and clothing merchandizing have served to diffuse the street gang culture with the general youth subculture. With so many influences and pressures, it is undeniably easy for youth to be misled into being initiated into a gang. Gang Initiation Gang leaders have the authority to decide which youth will join and who will not, especially when the gang is well established in the neighborhood. Once the opportunity to join a gang has been presented and taken, normally the next turning point is the official formalization of gang membership through a rite of passage. Like many other social groups with initiation processes, gangs use the initiation rite as a means of determining if the young inductee is mentally and physically strong enough to be worthy of membership. In other words, they want members who have heart and who will not run at the first sign of trouble. The initiation process assures the transmission of a gangs purpose and meaning. It also reminds active members of their earlier status and gives new, young members something in common with other gang members. In fact, some new members are willing to do almost anything to be considered a formal or solid member. Commonly, initiates are involved in a violent initiation process, which is known as an act of love. As Edgar (2004) stated, In many instances, the inductee is beat-in by gang members using baseball bats or brass knuckles (p.97). The beat-in duration is approximately 30 seconds in length (Vigil, 1996). This type of initiation aims to test how well the newcomer will be able to fight to maintain the gangs reputation and territory. Having good fighters among a gangs members can reduce significantly the numbers of fights a gang would need to be involved in. Although violence in gang initiation is often directed at new members, the process can vary from gang to gang. For instance, some initiates may have the choice of being beaten in or going on a mission. This means that the initiate has to engage in an act of violence, usually against rival gang members on rival turf. For instance, initiates can be asked to commit an armed robbery, an assault, to transport drugs, or even to write gang graffiti on enemy turf. More radical forms of gang initiations may involve drive-by shootings or rape (Edgar, 2004, p. 97). Consequently, such violent acts have many negative implications on the health and welfare of juveniles, as well as that of his or her family, peers, and community. Implications The numerous implications stemming from youth gang involvement can have varying degrees of short and long-term negative outcomes. For instance, youth who become involved in gangs face the increased risk of quitting school, drug abuse, receiving illegal income, teen parenthood, and juvenile incarceration (Howell, 2006). Furthermore, young gang members experience an increased likelihood of economic hardship and family problems in adulthood. Aside from the individual, gangs also adversely affect communities. Gang activities and the gang power control war result in dozens of death per year, as well as hundreds of injuries and long term disabilities. According to McDaniel (2012) communities with gang activity are disproportionately affected by theft, negative economic impact, vandalism, assault, gun violence, illegal drug trade, and homicide. As a result, community residents often live in fear that they, their families, schools, or businesses will become victims of theft or violence. This chronic stress often leads to mental health problems as well as chronic disease. Moreover, youth gang involvement costs local, state, and federal governments a substantial amount of money in response, incarceration, and rehabilitation efforts. It has been estimated that overall crime in the United States costs taxpayers $655 billion annually with a substantial amount of this crime attributed to gang activity (Christeson Newman, 2004). The presence of youth gangs at school can also be very disruptive to the school environment considering that gangs create fear among students and increase the level of violence in schools. As apparent, the impact of youth gangs is felt in many ways. Still, there are steps that can be taken in order to prevent youth from joining gangs, which includes being aware of warning signs and risky behavior. Warning Signs Due to the initiation process, gang membership does not happen overnight. It is a gradual process, which allows for time to notice warning signs of gang involvement. The most common signs include: change in clothing and music, gang symbols or writing on belongings, change in friends, withdrawing from family, declining performance in school, increased trouble at school, police encounters, and large sums of money. Other signs include breaking curfew and using unusual hand signals to communicate with friends. According to Oliver (1995), wannabees, youth who adopt the styles and languages of a gang to indicate their interest in joining, are likely candidates (p. 63). In addition, having unexplainable physical injuries and drug use can also point to gang involvement. However, because some of these warning signs are also common among youth not involved in gangs, such as clothing and musical preference, parents, educators, and law enforcers should look for multiple signs to indicate possibl e gang involvement. In the event that a youth is suspected of gang involvement, help and intervention should be requested early. Prevention and Intervention If we want to save our youth from gangs, we must develop and implement early prevention strategies that reach high-risk youth, families, and schools. To do so, communities must first assess their gang problem and use that assessment to craft a continuum of responses that are communitywide in scope. These responses should involve community representatives â€Å" law enforcement, school faculty, youth, parents, community leaders, probation officers, former gang members, grass root organizations, and local government â€Å" in planning and delivering prevention and intervention programs and employ integrated outreach and support services. Communities that organize and mobilize themselves using a data-driven strategy can direct their resources toward effectively preventing gang formation and its associated criminal activity. Notably, there are multiple strategies for working with delinquent youth in early prevention of gang joining. For example, it is possible to focus at the individual level on at-risk children. Other prevention strategies work at the family, school, or community levels to reduce risk and enhance protective influences. At the same time, communities must provide intervention strategies for youth who are already actively in gangs, specifically targeting areas where gang problems are serious and more prominent. Examples of effective intervention strategies are drug and alcohol treatment, counseling, job training and placement, transportation assistance, tattoo removal, legal assistance, transitional services, and mentoring. Lastly, law enforcement plays a key role in suppression. Some examples of successful suppression strategies include: making informal contacts with targeted youth and their families; directing enforcement to the times, places, and events in which data indicates that gangs are active; executing patrols of locations where gang members congregate; and conducting community forums to address gang incidents. It is also recommended that communities be aware of the influence of incarcerated gang members returning to the community and develop strategies to address these individuals. For instance, gang suppression efforts should strive to target and rehabilitate the most violent gangs and older, criminally active members. Although there is no quick fix, once communities make a commitment to solving gang problems, they are in an excellent position to undertake strategic planning in preventing gang development and overcoming established gangs. Conclusion The influence of gang membership on delinquency and violence is long lasting and significant. Consequences of gang involvement and their burden on youth in our communities are detrimental â€Å" dropping out of school, drug and alcohol abuse, violent crimes, and juvenile conviction. Prevention, intervention, and suppression efforts are necessary in order to solve the prevalent youth gang problem in the United States. However, to achieve a lasting reduction in youth gang activity, parents, educators, community leaders, and police officers must engage in a new way of thinking about the relationship between street gangs and juvenile delinquency. Only then can we better understand and prevent the cascading impact of gangs on youth, families, neighborhoods, and society.

European Democratic Deficit - 2826 Words

The democratic deficit is a theory developed by scholars in order to illustrate that the European Union and its institutional bodies suffer from a lack of democracy (Wincott, 1998, p. 414). However, there are many definitions of the democratic deficit (Chryssochoou, 2000; Justice, 1996; Warleigh, 2003; Weiler, Haltern Mayer, 1995) depending on the views and approaches of each scholar. Joseph Weilers ‘standard version of the democratic deficit is one of the most common definitions and it is a set of widely-used arguments by academics, scholars and the media (Weiler et al., 1995, cited by Follesdal Hix, 2005, p. 4). It consists of five claims that explain why the EU can be called undemocratic and they are the following: a) there is an†¦show more content†¦9). With regards to the claim that the European Parliament is too weak (the second of Weilers standard version claims), Moravcsik (2002; 2003) emphasises the fact that during the last twenty years, the European Parliament is the institution which have experienced the most reforms, regarding its increase of powers, compare to the Council and the Commission. The latter argument is in fact accurate because ever since the Single European Act (1986), the European Parliament gains more and more power by reforms in every signed Treaty (Moravcsik, 2003, p. 7). Despite that, however, the Parliament is still considered to be weak compared to the other institutions, as it will be analysed later in the essay. Overall, according to Moravcsik, there is no democratic deficit because there is no gap between the national governments and the EU, since his liberal-intergovernmental theory suggests that the EU solely rests on pillars of national economic interest, intergovernmental bargaining and the desire for credible commitments (Wincott, 1998, p. 424). He stresses that the EU should not be compared to a state because it is not one and his key point is that providing the Member States remain the main actors in the EU and the Community stays just an international organisation, there will never be a problem of legitimacy and democratic accountability since the Member states, whose governments are directly elected from the citizens, will be the decision-makers. It could be said thatShow MoreRelatedThe Democratic Deficit And The European Union2195 Words   |  9 PagesThe democratic deficit is a concept invoked in the argument that the European Union (EU) and its variety of bodies suffer from a l ack of democracy and have become seen as isolated from the â€Å"ordinary citizen† as their methods of operation are extremely complex. Over the last two decades we have witnessed an almost continuously ongoing debate regarding the correct constitutional structure for Europe.[ Moravscik, A., (2002), â€Å"In the Defence of the Democratic Deficit: Reassessing Legitimacy in the EuropeanRead MoreThe European Unions Democratic Deficit1800 Words   |  8 PagesThe European Union has greatly evolved over the decades since it has begun into a well-evolved quasi-state of over 28 countries, and over five hundred million citizens. 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The question of is there a democratic deficit within the EU, despite having dominated many political debates since the 70s, is prominent in today s society now more than ever as a result of the UKs decision to leave the union, consequently causing the world to develop an growing interest in the European Union and its qualitiesRead MoreThe European Union s Democratic Deficit1771 Words   |  8 PagesThe European Union has greatly evolved over the decades since it has begun into a well-evolved quasi-state of over 28 countries, and over five hundred million citizens. The European Union has been regarded as a method to bring democratic stability and economic prosperity to less developed democracies in East and Central Europe. While the European Union has a mandate to bring all of these standards, the European Union lacks these basic standards for their overall institution. This structural problemRead MoreTackling The Democratic Deficit Between The European Union ( Eu )2859 Words   |  12 PagesThis essay seeks to identify, define and offer practical solutions to tackling the democratic deficit which in the European Union (EU). Apart from the economic issues plaguing the EU, which is most discussed topic, the issue of its democratic deficiency remains undebated. Democracy deficit in the EU in its ordinary meaning means that there is gap between the EU institutions and citizens in the member states of the EU. Recommendations have been put forward to bridge the gap between the EU’s institutionsRead MoreIs the EU Democratic?1411 Words   |  6 PagesThe European Union (EU), since the initial foundation in 1952 as the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and throughout periods of development, has been considered one of the most advanced forms of regional integration. 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Essay about Defining and Exploring Buddhism - 470 Words

Defining and Exploring Buddhism Buddhism is one of the major world religions, it is recognized in most countries as a religion, no-one has yet considered that maybe it is a philosophy. We define a religion as having six things, these are: belief in a God, a place of worship, Holy Scriptures or books, rules or guidelines, rites of passage and festivals or special days. So in order to determine Buddhism as a religion we must identify that it has all of these characteristics. However when I do this I find that in theory Buddhism doesnt qualify as a religion as they do not believe in any God and they do not have a place of worship, they do have a monastery but not all Buddhists will visit or live in†¦show more content†¦People would say that Buddhism is not a conventional religion with a clear God and rules but because people follow someones teachings and live by their guidelines it is a religion. Although the point of view in the previous paragraph is completely understandable and valid I disagree and so would many other people. I understand that Buddhism is recognised as a religion all over the world but that doesnt make it so, Buddhists may have shrines in their homes and monasteries but these shrines are for what the Buddha said and believed in they are not for the Buddha as a person they are for what he stands for. This is why the shrines have several symbols on them not just a picture or sculpture of the Buddha; they have flowers for impermanence, pictures of the dead as a sign of reverence and incense to pass on good thoughts and good karma. I agree that many people follow the Buddhas ideas and guidelines help them within their life, but that is all they are, guidelines, if someone was to become a Buddhist but they did not agree with one aspect of what the Buddha said they could just leave it out, or add their own bit in, it would not beShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of. 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September 11 in International Relations Theory Essay Example For Students

September 11 in International Relations Theory Essay September 11 in International Relations Theory Essay An event as epochal as September 11 is bound to provoke theorists of international relations. Over the past year or so, there has been a race in academia to claim the first prize for the best theory to explain the events before and after September 11. The consensus is that the dominant discourse of realism has won, because it conceives of conflict and destruction as natural in an anarchical world (from Thomas Hobbes ;anarchical state of nature;). It also justifies Americas threatening military actions after the terror strikes as a natural form of behavior of strong states, which always bully the weak into compliance to serve the formers selfish interests. The more interesting contest is among the alternative theories to realism. It is a race for second prize, and the main competitors are feminism, globalism/neo-Marxism and pluralism. Feminism The fundamental premise of feminism is that international politics is a ;mans world and a gendered activity. Gender is a social construction based on ideas of autonomy, objectivity, sovereignty and virtu (Niccolo Machiavelli), of which only men and masculine states are allegedly capable. Writing after September 11, feminist novelist Arundhati Roy encapsulated this critique, saying, Women of the world stand between two extremes, both represented by androcentrism, Rambo culture and patriarchy Osama bin Laden and George Bush. Bin Laden reportedly has 42 wives and is a defender and instigator of Taliban-style hardline Islamic structural violence against women. Bush heads the most conservative American administration since Ronald Reagan, pursuing vested interests of the military-industrial complex and giant oil multinationals that extort women in the Third World (a line favored by Marxist feminism). Realist dogmas and metaphors of war of every man against every man and stag hunt (Jean Jacques Rousseau) have been pursued vigorously by the US government since September 11, accompanied by a culture of manliness and glorification of soldiers and ultra-patriotic themes in the media. Imperial brotherhoods (Robert Dean) among mujahideen and the Bush cabinet are waging destructive wars to quench their fanaticism and male egotism. Some feminists see the World Trade Center itself as a symbol of male capitalist egotism which ran into another kind of Arabic male chauvinism on September 11. Feminists also like to point out that the majority of women in the world, including Palestinians, mourned the deaths of innocents in the terror attacks, and called for a foreign policy of reconciliation instead of revenge. But state-centric military security orthodoxy dominates the discourse and active voicing of peace by women has been relegated to peripheral activity and condescendingly dismissed as human interest stuff (Ann Tickner). The outcome is that human security and common security, an all-encompassing concept including domestic non-violence, is sorely lacking as the US prepares for more wars. Feminist scholars have particularly lamented how the US has compromised with chauvinist male warlords in Afghanistan, who are only a shade better than the Taliban, and which is still claiming for propaganda value that American military action emancipated Afghan women. Feminist interventions since September 11 have labelled the event and its aftermath as an instance of patriarchal technology of destruction and domination. They urge a dire need to transform the realist paradigm and to include one half of the worlds population in deciding on foreign policy so that a more harmonious world and a ;just peace; can be arrived at. However, feminism has no unified tenor. Despite using phrases like ;sexual terrorism; (Dorothy Roberts) as a much bigger threat to human security than Islamic terrorism, feminists are a highly divided lot, with competing visions of ;radical feminism;, ;white Western feminism;, ;ecological feminism;, ;post-modern feminism;, et al. Feminist international relations deconstruct realist policies with gusto, but offer no alternative model for transforming practice of world affairs. .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 , .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .postImageUrl , .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 , .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78:hover , .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78:visited , .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78:active { border:0!important; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78:active , .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78 .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u59e0bc90eb53a83adf499263efd76e78:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Philosophy - Plato Essay Can a superpower be realistically expected to simply ;forgive; and ;heal; terrorists who killed nearly 3,000 people in one single day? Feminists seem to be putting forth a chimerical ideal. Globalism/Neo-Marxism Globalism/Neo-Marxism is a structural theory that rates economics, not security, as the driving force of international relations. Under-development of Third World states leads to ;dependency; on rich industrialized states, which exploit the peripheral states through an integrated capitalist system. Saudi Arabia, which produced .